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Departments of Pathobiology (PEG, AG) and Small Animal Clinical Sciences (LEF, JB), College of Veterinary Medicine, University of Florida, Gainesville, FL; Department of Medical Sciences, School of Veterinary Medicine, University of Wisconsin, Madison, WI (IDK); and Department of Biostatistics, College of Medicine, University of Florida, Gainesville, FL (PK)
Eighty-three canine cutaneous mast cell tumors were graded histologically and evaluated immunohistochemically for p53 tumor-suppressor protein expression. An avidin–biotin immunohistochemical protocol incorporated a rabbit polyclonal antibody (CM-1) directed against normal and mutant p53 protein. Positive staining was observed in 44.6% (37/83) of tumors and included 50% (12/24) of grade I (well differentiated) tumors, 46.9% (23/49) of grade II (intermediate differentiation) tumors, and 20% (2/10) of grade III (poorly differentiated) tumors. A statistically significantly higher proportion (P < 0.019) of tumors from the head and neck (83.3%, 10/12), stained positive for p53 than tumors from the thorax, back, abdomen, and axilla (39.4%, 13/33), legs (35.7%, 10/28), or prepuce, scrotal, or inguinal areas (44.4%, 4/9). No statistically significant difference between p53 labeling and histologic grade, breed, or tumor size was present. Survival data were available for 53/83 (63.9%) of dogs. Positive reactivity for p53 was observed in 47% (25/53) of tumors within this group, with 57.9% (11/19) of grade I, 43.3% (13/30) of grade II, and 25% (1/4) of grade III tumors labeled. Mean survival time for the 53 dogs was 12.1 months. The median survival time for dogs with grade III tumors or tumors >5 cm was statistically significantly shorter (P < 0.0001) than for dogs with grades I and II or smaller tumors. Although p53 protein abnormalities may play a role in tumor development or behavior in some canine cutaneous mast cell tumors, immunoreactivity was not associated with lack of tumor differentiation, tumor locations previously shown to demonstrate aggressive biological behavior, breed predisposition, or survival times.
Key words: dogs; immunohistochemistry; mast cells; prognosis; p53.
Request reprints from Dr. Pamela E. Ginn, University of Florida, College of Veterinary Medicine, Department of Pathobiology, PO Box 110880, Gainesville, FL 32611-0880 (USA). E-mail: GinnP{at}mail.vetmed.ufl.edu.
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