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Immunohistochemical and Clinical Evaluation of p53 in Canine Cutaneous Mast Cell Tumors

Departments of Veterinary Clinical Science (MHJ, ¹ GH, SCK, CSH, JRD) and Veterinary Pathology (HWT, MKL, MP), Louisiana State University School of Veterinary Medicine, Baton Route, LA; and Veterinary Diagnostic Assistance Laboratory (DMM), University of Georgia College of Veterinary Medicine, Athens, GA

One hundred twenty-six cutaneous mast cell tumors obtained by excisional biopsy from 106 dogs were evaluated using immunohistochemical staining for the presence of p53 protein. A standard avidin–biotin immunohistochemical protocol was used incorporating a polyclonal antibody of rabbit origin (CM-1) as the primary antibody. Histopathologic grading of tumors was performed on hemotoxylin and eosin–stained samples. There was a significant difference in the percentage of cells staining positive for p53 for the histopathologic grades (P = 0.0005). Grade III tumors had a significantly greater p53 content than did grade I or II tumors (P < 0.05). Clinical data obtained retrospectively was available for 54 dogs. Tumor recurred in 19 of 54 (35.2%) dogs. Twenty-nine dogs died by the end of the study; 9 of 29 (31.0%) died of mast cell tumor disease. Histopathologic grade showed a significant negative association with survival time. Both clinical stage and histopathologic grade showed a significant negative association with time to recurrence. The percentage of cells staining positive for p53 did not significantly improve the forward analysis. Immunohistochemical detection of p53 did not appear useful in characterizing the clinical association between cutaneous mast cell tumor cellular features and survival time or time to tumor recurrence in dogs.

Key words: Immunohistochemistry; mast cell tumor; p53.

Request reprints from Dr. Giselle Hosgood, Department of Veterinary Clinical Sciences, School of Veterinary Medicine, Louisiana State University, Baton Rouge, LA 70803 (USA).

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