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Vet Pathol 37:137-142 (2000)
© 2000 American College of Veterinary Pathologists

Subcutaneous Atypical Mycobacteriosis in Captive Tiger Quolls (Dasyurus maculatus)

J. T. Raymond, L. Tell, M. Bush, D. K. Nichols, F. Y. Schulman and R. J. Montali

Department of Pathology, National Zoological Park, Smithsonian Institution, Washington, DC (JTR, DKN, RJM); Department of Medicine and Epidemiology, School of Veterinary Medicine, University of California, Davis, CA (LT); Veterinary Services, Conservation and Research Center, National Zoological Park, Front Royal, VA (MB); and Department of Veterinary Pathology, Armed Forces Institute of Pathology, Washington, DC (FYS)

From July 1989 to October 1998, 9/37 (24%) adult captive tiger quolls (Dasyurus maculatus) were diagnosed with atypical mycobacterial infection involving the subcutis and skin. Females were more often affected than males (seven females, two males). Grossly, lesions presented as focal thickenings, plaques, and abscesses within the subcutis, often with fistulous tracts. The subcutis and skin overlying cervical and thoracic regions were the primary sites of infection. Cytology of subcutaneous impression smears from all nine affected tiger quolls revealed pyogranulomatous inflammation admixed with several acid-fast bacilli. Histologically, all tiger quolls had nodular to diffuse pyogranulomatous panniculitis and cellulitis. Small numbers of acid-fast bacilli were noted histologically in 7/9 (78%) animals. Skin cultures from seven tiger quolls were positive for one or more different Runyon group IV mycobacteria. The disease described in these tiger quolls is similar to subcutaneous atypical mycobacteriosis of humans and domestic animals.

Key words: Atypical mycobacteriosis; cellulitis; group IV mycobacteria; panniculitis; skin; tiger quolls.

Request reprints from Dr. J. T. Raymond, Department of Pathology, National Zoological Park, 3000 Connecticut Avenue NW, Washington, DC 20008 (USA). E-mail: jraymond{at}nzp.si.edu.






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