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Expression of Nitric Oxide Synthase 2 and Cyclooxygenase-2 in Swine Experimentally Infected with Actinobacillus pleuropneumoniae

Department of Veterinary Pathology, College of Veterinary Medicine and School of Agricultural Biotechnology, Seoul National University, Kwanak-Gu, Seoul, Republic of Korea

The expression of inflammatory mediators was examined in pigs experimentally infected with Actinobacillus pleuropneumoniae. The activity of nitric oxide synthase 2 (NOS2) and cyclooxygenase-2 (COX-2) was determined by measuring nitric oxide (NO) and prostaglandin E₂ (PGE₂) in bronchoalveolar lavage fluid in response to A. pleuropneumoniae in vivo. By in situ hybridization and immunohistochemistry, both NOS2 and COX-2 enzymes were detected in neutrophils and macrophages that had infiltrated into alveolar spaces. The sharp increase in PGE₂ concentration preceded the increase in the concentrations of NO. NO levels were highly correlated with PGE₂ level (r_s = 0.7218, P < 0.05). The NO levels were positively correlated with lung lesion scores (r_s = 0.9087, P < 0.05) until 24 hours postinoculation (hpi) as were the lung lesion scores and PGE₂ levels (r_s = 0.925, P < 0.01). High levels of PGE₂ produced by COX-2 are generated in early infection (6 hpi). However, in later stages of infection (12–36 hpi), there is participation of NO and PGE₂ accompanied by coinduction of both NOS2 and COX-2.

Key words: Actinobacillus pleuropneumoniae; cyclooxygenase; inflammation; nitric oxide; nitric oxide synthase; prostaglandin.

Request reprints from Dr. C. Chae, Department of Veterinary Pathology, College of Veterinary Medicine, Seoul National University, San 56-1, Shillim-Dong, Kwanak-Gu 151–742, Seoul (Republic of Korea). E-mail: swine{at}plaza.snu.ac.kr

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